Public & Private Spillovers, Location and the Productivity of Pharmaceutical Research
نویسنده
چکیده
1 2 3 4 abStRaCt. – While there is widespread agreement among economists and management scholars that knowledge spillovers exist and have important economic consequences, researchers know substantially less about the “micro mechanisms” of spillovers – about the degree to which they are geographically localized, for example, or about the degree to which spillovers from public institutions are qualitatively different from those from privately owned firms (Jaffe, 1986; Krugman, 1991; Jaffe et al., 1993; Porter, 1990). in this paper we make use of the geographic distribution of the research activities of major global pharmaceutical firms to explore the extent to which knowledge spills over from proximate private and public institutions. our data and empirical approach allow us to make advances on two dimensions. First, by focusing on spillovers in research productivity (as opposed to manufacturing productivity), we build closely on the theoretical literature on spillovers that suggests that knowledge externalities are likely to have the most immediate impact on the production of ideas (romer, 1986; aghion & howitt, 1997). second, our data allow us to distinguish spillovers from public research from spillovers from private, or competitively funded research, and to more deeply explore the role that institutions and geographic proximity play in driving knowledge spillovers.
منابع مشابه
Nber Working Paper Series Public & Private Spillovers, Location and the Productivity of Pharmaceutical Research
While there is widespread agreement among economists and management scholars that knowledge spillovers exist and have important economic consequences, researchers know substantially less about the "micro mechanisms" of spillovers -about the degree to which they are geographically localized, for example, or about the degree to which spillovers from public institutions are qualitatively different...
متن کاملSpatial Spillover Effect of Public Infrastructure in Different GDP Sector Compositions: Spatial Panel Evidence in Eu-28 Regions
Spillovers have attracted wide attention in the areas of research in economics during the past decades. The reason for the interest in the topic lies in their important role in endogenous growth theory and the explanation of productivity growth. This paper investigates the spatial spillover of different types of public infrastructure on economic growth across EU-28 NUTS-II regions during 1995-2...
متن کاملGlobalisation , Productivity and Technology Research Paper 2002 / 23 North - South Trade , Knowledge Spillovers and Growth
The endogenous growth literature has stimulated empirical research into links between trade and growth in general and international knowledge spillovers in particular. Results relating to the latter have been mixed and the issue of the appropriate construction of the spillover variable remains contentious. In this paper we develop measures taking account of whether knowledge is a public or priv...
متن کاملForeign Knowledge Spillovers and Total Factor Productivity Growth: Evidence from Four ASEAN Countries
This study examines the dynamic relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and total factor productivity having controlled for other channels of external openness: exports and imports in four ASEAN countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand. We employ the panel data analysis PDA (fixed effect and dynamic panel models) as well as the panel cointegration and Granger causali...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2006